Seed meter for planting multiple types of seed in a single planting pass

ABSTRACT

A seed meter allows for planting multiple types of seed and rapidly switching between the types being planted in a single planting pass of a planting session of row-crop planting. The seed meter has a split seed meter reservoir with a pair of seed meter chambers flanked by or next to a pair of seed disks. Activation and deactivation of the seed disks within the seed meter are synchronized to selectively deliver one type of seed from one of the seed meter chambers for delivery out of a single seed tube of the seed meter, which may provide absolute and instantaneous on-the-go seed switching within a single row from each seed meter.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 14/300,640, filed Jun.10, 2017.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates generally to row-crop planters or seeders and, inparticular, to seed meters of planters for planting multiple varietiesof seed.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Modern farming practices strive to increase yields of agriculturalfields. Technological advances of planters allow for better agronomiccharacteristics at the time of planting, such as providing more accurateseed depth, improved uniformity of seed depth across the planter, andimproved accuracy of in-row seed spacing. However, a single field canhave performance inconsistencies between different areas. That isbecause a field can have a wide variety of soil types and managementzones such as irrigated and non-irrigated zones in different areas. Seedcompanies are developing multiple varieties of each of their seedproduct types, with the different varieties offering improvedperformance characteristics for different types of soil and managementpractices. Efforts have been made to plant multiple varieties of aparticular seed product type in different areas of fields with differentsoil types or management zones. These efforts include planters that havedifferent bulk fill hoppers and require the reservoir for each seedmeter to be completely cleaned out or planted out before a differentseed variety can be delivered to the seed meters. Some planters allowfor planting two varieties and include two separate and distinct seedmeters at every row unit.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a seed meter that allows forabsolute and instantaneous switching seed types being planted during asingle planting pass, without requiring multiple seed meters at everyrow unit or emptying out or planting out a first seed type beforeswitching to a different seed type. The seed meter has more than oneseed disk in its housing for selectively planting one of multiple seedtypes. The seed meter is configured to activate a single seed disk anddeactivate the others so that only seeds conveyed by the activated seeddisk are delivered out of the seed meter for planting at a given time.By on-the-move synchronizing of activating and deactivating of thedifferent seed disks within the seed meter, an absolute andinstantaneous switching of the seed type being planted within a singlerow is achieved.

According to one aspect of the invention, a seed meter is provided forplanting multiple types of seed in a single planting pass duringrow-crop planting of an agricultural field. The seed meter has a housingsupported relative to a row unit of a planter. A first seed disk isrotatable within the housing for conveying seeds of a first type throughthe housing and out of the seed meter. A second seed disk is rotatablewithin the housing for conveying seeds of a second type through thehousing and out of the seed meter. The first and second seed disks maybe parallel to or angled with respect to each other. A seed disk drivesystem activates and deactivates the first and second seed disks forselectively delivering a corresponding one of the first and second seedtypes out of the housing for planting of an agricultural field. Thisallows a producer to plant multiple varieties of seed within the samefield in a single planting session and even during a single plantingpass without having to add additional row units or seed meters.

According to another aspect of the invention, the seed meter has a seedmeter reservoir with a first seed chamber storing seeds of the firsttype within the housing for receipt by the first seed disk when thefirst seed disk is activated. A second seed chamber stores seeds of thesecond type within the housing for receipt by the second seed disk whenthe second seed disk is activated. A separator wall within the seedmeter reservoir may separate the first and second seed chambers fromeach other. The separator wall may be arranged transversely between thefirst and second seed disks with the first seed chamber between theseparator wall and the first seed disk and the second seed chamberbetween the separator wall and the second seed disk. Separate primaryseed conduits may direct separately stored seed types from bulk storageinto the seed chambers of the seed meter, which may include delivery ofthe seed from bulk storage into compartments of an on-row storage systemwhich may be defined by a vented mini-hopper(s) that feeds the seedchambers of the seed meter. In another embodiment, a seed gate system(s)is arranged to selectively direct seeds of different types through asingle primary seed conduit into different seed chambers of the seedmeter, for example, by way of the compartments of the mini-hopper(s). Inyet another embodiment, the on-row compartments provide the bulk storageof the different types of seed which are gravity-fed into the seedchambers of the seed meter.

According to another aspect of the invention, the first and second seeddisks are arranged generally parallel to each other. A single seed tubemay receive seeds released from both the first and second seed disks fordelivery onto the agricultural field. This provides a single unitaryseed meter of relatively simple construction that can offer on-the-moveabsolute and instantaneous switching of the seed type being plantedduring a single planting pass.

According to another aspect of the invention, the first and second seeddisks are arranged at an angle with respect to each other. This providesa seed meter housing that encloses multiple seed disks that eachreleases seed at substantially the same seed release location within theseed meter housing for delivery out of a seed tube, which reduces seedbounce within the seed tube.

According to another aspect of the invention, the housing of the seedmeter has a first side portion and a second side portion. A first seeddisk assembly is arranged within the first side portion of the housingfor rotatably conveying individual seeds of a first type through thehousing and out of the seed meter for individually planting the seeds ofthe first variety during row-crop planting of an agricultural field. Asecond seed disk assembly is arranged within the second side portion ofthe housing for rotatably conveying individual seeds of a second typethrough the housing and out of the seed meter for individually plantingthe seeds of the second variety during row-crop planting of theagricultural field. This allows for planting multiple varieties of seedwithin the same field without having to add additional row units or seedmeters.

According to another aspect of the invention, each of the first andsecond seed disk assemblies includes a seed disk rotatable within acavity defined by the respective one of the first and second sideportions of the housing. A seed disk drive system may selectively rotatethe seed disks of the first and second seed disk assembliesindependently with respect to each other. This allows for quickswitching or changeovers from planting seeds of a first seed type toplanting seeds of a second seed type.

According to another aspect of the invention, the seed disk drive systemincludes a clutch arranged with respect to each of the first and secondseed disk assemblies. Each clutch selectively engages/disengagestransmission of a rotation driving power to the respective seed disk forpermitting/preventing rotation of the corresponding seed disk of thefirst and second seed disk assemblies. The clutch may be an air clutchor an electromechanical clutch. This allows for a seed meter capable ofdelivering multiple types of seed by activating and/or deactivatingmultiple seed disks within the seed meter.

According to another aspect of the invention, the seed disk drive systemincludes a motor drive at each of the first and second seed diskassemblies. A controller controls the motor drive(s) to permit/preventtransmission of a rotation driving power to the seed disks. In this way,rotation of one of the seed disks, a deactivated seed disk, can bestopped while the other seed disk, an activated seed disk, is rotated.The motor drive may be a pneumatic motor or an electric motor. Thisallows for a seed meter capable of delivering multiple types of seed byactivating and/or deactivating multiple seed disks within the seedmeter.

According to another aspect of the invention, the seed meter has a seedtube that receives seeds released from both the first and second seeddisk assemblies for delivery onto the agricultural field. This allowsfor sequentially delivering different types of seed from a single seedmeter into a single seed bed.

According to another aspect of the invention, a method of plantingmultiple types of seed in a single planting pass during planting of anagricultural field is provided. The method includes rotating a firstseed disk in a seed meter to convey seeds of a first type through theseed meter and deliver the seeds of the first type onto a first locationof an agricultural field. A second seed disk is rotated in the seedmeter to convey seeds of a second type through the seed meter anddeliver the seeds of the second type onto a second location of theagricultural field. The first seed disk may be arranged within a housingof the seed meter to rotate past a first seed chamber storing seeds ofthe first type within the housing of the seed meter. The second seeddisk may be arranged within the housing to rotate past a second seedchamber storing seeds of the second type within the housing of the seedmeter. An instantaneous switchover can be made from planting seeds ofthe first type to planting seeds of the second type. This can be done bydeactivating the first seed disk and activating the second seed diskseed-type switching event. During the seed-type switching event, releaseof a final seed of the first seed type is sequentially followed by aninitial seed of the second seed type. This can be done within a singlerow without creating a skip event. This provides maintaining a constantin-row seed spacing through the seed-type switching event, whereby anin-row seed spacing at a transition between the first and second seedtypes is the same as the in-row seed spacing within each of the firstand second seed types.

According to another aspect of the invention, each seed meter of aplanter may be individually controlled to control switching fromdelivering seeds of the first seed type to delivering seeds of thesecond seed type on a per-row basis. Different groups of seed meterscorresponding to different sections of a planter may be separatelycontrolled to control switching from delivering seeds of the first typeto delivering seeds of the second seed type from the planter on aper-section basis. All seed meters of the planter may be simultaneouslycontrolled to control switching from delivering seeds of the first seedtype to delivering seeds of the second seed type on a whole-planterbasis. This allows for different versions of seed variety switchovercontrol based on the amount of precision or pinpoint control needed fordifferent seed variety placements within different fields or based onproducer/operator preference.

Other aspects, objects, features, and advantages of the invention willbecome apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detaileddescription and accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however,that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicatingpreferred embodiments of the present invention, are given by way ofillustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications maybe made within the scope of the present invention without departing fromthe spirit thereof, and the invention includes all such modifications.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in theaccompanying drawings in which like reference numerals represent likeparts throughout.

FIG. 1 illustrates a pictorial view of a planter incorporating a seedmeter in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2A illustrates a simplified schematic view of the planter of FIG. 1and cross-sectional representation of a seed meter in accordance withthe present invention;

FIG. 2B illustrates a variant of the seed meter of FIG. 2A;

FIG. 2C illustrates another variant of the seed meter of FIG. 2A;

FIG. 3 illustrates an exploded pictorial view of a variant of the seedmeter of FIG. 2A;

FIG. 4 illustrates a simplified schematic view of a variant of the seedmeter shown in FIG. 2A;

FIG. 5 illustrates a simplified side elevation view of a variant of theseed meter shown in FIG. 2A; and

FIG. 6 illustrates a screen shot showing a seed-type prescription mapfor use with the planter incorporating the seed meter(s) in accordancewith the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring now to the drawings and specifically to FIG. 1 and thesimplified schematic representations of FIGS. 2A-2C, seed meters 5 ofrow units 7 of a planter 9 are configured for planting multiple types orvarieties of seed. As explained in greater detail elsewhere herein, eachseed meter 5 can switch, for example, absolutely, instantaneously, andautomatically, between planting of different types or varieties of seedduring a single planting pass of row-crop planting of an agriculturalfield with the planter 9. Planter 9 may be one of the EARLY RISER®series planters available from Case IH and is typically pulled by atraction device such as a tractor 11. The planter 9 has a frame 13 thatsupports the multiple row units 7 that are substantially identical. Eachrow unit 7 includes a respective seed meter 5 and various supportcomponents for supporting the seed meter 5 and correspondingground-engaging components.

Referring now to FIG. 1, such support components include a sub-frame 15that is connected to the frame 13 of the planter 9 by way of a parallellinkage system 16 (FIG. 5) and supports the seed meter 5 and furrowopening 17 and closing mechanisms 19 toward front and back ends of therow unit 7. The opening and closing mechanisms 17, 19 may include openerdisks and closing disks, respectively, or other ground-engaging toolsfor opening and closing a furrow. Each row unit 7 may include a gaugewheel 21 configured for adjusting furrow depth by limiting soilpenetration of the furrow-opening mechanism 17 while creating a furrow,and a press wheel 23 may be arranged to roll over the closed furrow tofirm the soil over the seed to further close the furrow and promotefavorable seed-to-soil contact.

Referring now to FIGS. 2A-2C, in these embodiments, seeds 25 are held inbulk storage in a bulk storage system 27 with at least one bulk fillhopper 29, shown here in each of FIGS. 2A-2C as having two central bulkfill hoppers 29 supported by the frame 13 of the planter 9. The bulkstorage system 27 has multiple compartments 31, shown here as spaceswithin each of the bulk-fill hoppers 29 that are separated by dividerwalls or partitions 33. In another embodiment, the compartments 31 aredefined by separate and discrete containers themselves, such as the bulkfill hoppers 29. In another embodiment, such as that shown in FIG. 5, atleast some of the bulk fill hoppers 29 are not centrally located withrespect to the planter 9 and remote from the row units 7, but aremounted on the row units 7 themselves in a gravity-feed relationshipwith the respective seed meters explained in greater detail elsewhereherein. Regardless of where the hoppers 29 are located, the differentcompartments 31 of the hoppers 29 may hold seeds 25 of a common planttype but different varieties or types 25 a, 25 b for planting indifferent type or variety zones of an agricultural field defined atleast in part by characteristics relating to at least one of soil typeand management type. Although the seed 25 may be described elsewhereherein as different types 25 a, 25 b, it is understood that thedescription of the different types includes different varieties. Inother words, the different types 25 a, 25 b of seed 25 include not onlydifferent varieties of the same plant species, but also different seedproducts. Different seed products can include seeds of differentspecies, coated and uncoated seeds, such as insecticide coated andnon-insecticide coated seeds. The different seed products can alsoinclude refuge in a bag seed and non-refuge in a bag seed,plant-parasite resistant seed and non-plant-parasite resistant seed suchas cyst nematodes resistant seeds and non-cyst nematodes resistantseeds, herbicide-tolerant seed and non-herbicide tolerant seed, or otherdifferent products.

Still referring to FIGS. 2A-2C, three exemplary arrangements of seedmeters 5 are shown in the three row units 7 as seed meters 5 a, 5 b, and5 c, in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C, respectively, each of which can plantmultiple types or varieties of seed. Each seed meter 5 has a pair ofmetering assemblies 26 for singulating and selectively deliveringdifferent types 25 a, 25 b of seed 25 from the seed meter 5. The seedmeter 5 a of FIG. 5A and the seed meter 5 b in FIG. 2B have transverselyarranged metering assemblies 26. The seed meter of FIG. 2C haslongitudinally arranged metering assemblies 26. Regardless of whetherthe metering assemblies 26 are arranged transversely or longitudinallyand referring again to FIGS. 2A-2C, each seed meter 5 is operablyconnected to an airflow system 34 (FIG. 4) that includes a positive airpressure source and a vacuum source for establishing positive and vacuumpressures and corresponding air flows for delivery seed 25 to the seedmeters 5 and for moving the seeds 25 through the seed meter 5. Thepositive air pressure source and vacuum sources can be known pumps,fans, blowers, and/or other known airflow system components. Each seedmeter 5 has a housing 35 defining the first and second side portions 37,39 shown as including a left-hand cover (LH) and a right-hand cover(RH). In the seed meters 5 a, 5 b of FIGS. 2A-2B with the transverselyarranged metering assemblies 26, each of the left-hand and right-handcovers LH, RH has a vacuum inlet (VI) for connecting the first andsecond side portions 37, 39 to the vacuum source. In the seed meter 5 cof FIG. 2C with the longitudinally arranged metering assemblies 26, theleft-hand cover LH is shown with two vacuum inlets (VI) for connectingthe first side portion 37 to the vacuum source at two locations. Anintermediate portion 41 of the housing 35 is arranged between the firstand second side portions 37, 39. A seed meter reservoir 43 defining amultiple chamber or split reservoir is arranged within the intermediateportion 41 of the housing 35. In the seed meter 5 c of FIG. 2C with thelongitudinally arranged metering assemblies 26, the reservoir 43 extendsfrom the intermediate portion 41 into the second side portions 39 of thehousing 35. In the seed meters 5 a, 5 b of FIGS. 2A-2B with thetransversely arranged metering assemblies 26, a separator wall 45 withinthe seed meter reservoir 43 separates the seed meter reservoir into afirst seed chamber 47 storing seeds of the first type 25 a and a secondseed chamber 49 storing seeds of the second type 25 b within seed meterhousing 35.

Referring now to FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 3, in the seed meters 5 a, 5 b withthe transversely arranged metering assemblies 26, one of the meteringassemblies 26 includes a first seed disk assembly 51 having a first seeddisk 53 arranged within the first side portion 37 of the seed meterhousing 35. The other metering assembly 26 includes a second seed diskassembly 55 having a second seed disk 57 arranged within the second sideportion 39 of the seed meter housing 35. Inwardly facing surfaces 59, 61of the first and second seed disks 53, 57 face toward and definetransverse outer peripheries of the first and second seed chambers 47,49. Outwardly facing surfaces 63, 65 of the first and second seed disks53, 57 face toward and are spaced from the left-hand and right-handcovers LH, RH of the first and second side portions 37, 39. Thisprovides vacuum pressure chambers 67 between the outwardly facingsurface 63 and the left-hand cover LH in between the outwardly facingsurface 65 and right-hand cover RH as imparted by the negative pressureairflow through vacuum inlets VI of the left-hand and right-hand coversLH, RH of the seed meter housing first and second side portions 37, 39.The vacuum pressure in the vacuum pressure chamber 67 allows seeds 25 tobe drawn and held against the seed pockets and/or holes 69 (FIG. 3) ofthe seed disks 53, 57 to rotatably convey the seeds 25 through the seedmeter housing 35 to be released from the seed disk(s) 53, 57 within adischarge segment 71 (FIG. 2A-2B) at release locations 73 in the seedmeter housing 35. The discharge segment 71 is defined between a forwardfacing wall 75 of the seed meter housing 35, the inwardly facingsurfaces 59, 61 of the seed disks 53, 57, and a divider wall 77. Thedivider wall 77 extends in a transverse direction through the interiorof the housing 35, across a front of the seed meter reservoir 43, andbetween the seed disks 53, 57.

Referring now to FIG. 2C, the above description of the seed meters 5 a,5 b of FIGS. 2A-2B with the transversely arranged metering assemblies 26applies to the seed meter 5 c of FIG. 2C with the longitudinallyarranged metering assemblies 26, while differing in the following ways.In the seed meter 5 c with the longitudinally arranged meteringassemblies 26, there is no separator wall 4 and the left-hand cover LHhas two vacuum inlets VI aligned with the first and second seed diskassemblies 51, 55. The first and second seed chambers 47, 49 are spacedfrom each other at front and back ends of the seed meter 5 c,respectively, with a pair of divider walls 77 and the discharge segment71, longitudinally separating the first and second seed chambers 47, 49.

Referring again to FIG. 2, the seed meter 5 a has its seed diskassemblies 51, 55 and seed disks 53, 57 transversely aligned andarranged parallel to each other. As shown in FIG. 2B, the seed meter 5 bhas its seed disk assemblies 51, 55 and seed disks 53, 57 transverselyaligned and arranged at an angle with respect to each other, wherebyaxes of rotation of the seed disks 53, 57 intersect to define anincluded angle of less than 180°. This embodiment shows the axis ofrotation of the seed disks 53, 57 of seed meter 5 b with an angle ofabout 30°, and the seed meter housing 35 defining a tapering widthproviding a generally V-shaped cross-sectional configuration. Whencomparing the two embodiments of the seed meters 5 a, 5 b of FIG. 2A-2Bwith the transversely arranged metering assemblies 26, the V-shaped seedmeter 5 b (FIG. 2B) with the angled seed disks 53, 57, has releaselocations 73 that are longitudinally aligned and transversely spaced andrelatively closer to each other than the longitudinally aligned andtransversely spaced release locations 73 of the seed meter 5 a (FIG. 5A)with the parallel seed disks 53, 57. The seed meter 5 c of FIG. 2C withthe longitudinally arranged metering assemblies 26 has release locations73 that are transversely aligned and longitudinally spaced with respectto each other. Regardless, and referring again to FIGS. 2A-2C, therelease locations 73 are arranged to allow for dropping the seed 25 fromthe respective disk(s) 53, 57 through an outlet 79 of the seed meterhousing 35 of the seed meter 5 and into an inlet 81 of a common singleseed tube 83 (FIG. 3) that delivers the seed 25 onto the agriculturalfield, which allows for selective release of one of the seed types 25 a,25 b at a given time and/or a given area of an agricultural field, ascontrolled by a control system 85.

Referring now to FIGS. 2A-2C and 4, the control system 85 controlsselective delivery of the seed types 25 a, 25 b out of the seed meters 5and initial delivery of the seed types 25 a, 25 b from the compartments31 of the bulk fill hoppers 29 to the first and second seed chambers 47,49 of the seed meter reservoir 43. Control system 85 includes a plantercontroller 87 and a tractor controller 89 that operably communicate witheach other, for example, by way of an ISOBUS connection, forcoordinating controls of planter 9 such as the seed meters 5 and tractor11 (FIG. 1) based on the type or variety zones VZ1, VZ2, VZ3 of theagricultural field, which may correspond to a seed type or varietyprescription map PM as shown in FIG. 6.

Referring again to FIGS. 2A-2C, the planter controller 87 is shownincluding a controller 91 and a power supply 93. The controller 91 ofthe planter controller 87 can include an industrial computer or, e.g., aprogrammable logic controller (PLC), along with corresponding softwareand suitable memory for storing such software and hardware includinginterconnecting conductors for power and signal transmission forcontrolling electronic, electro-mechanical, and hydraulic components ofthe seed meter 5 and other components of the planter 9. The tractorcontroller 89 is configured for controlling operations of the tractor 11such as controlling steering, speed, braking, shifting, and otheroperations of the tractor 11. The tractor controller 89 is shown asincluding a controller 95 and power supply 97. The tractor controller 89is configured for controlling the functions of the tractor 11 bycontrolling the various GPS steering, transmission, engine, hydraulic,and/or other systems of the tractor 11. Like the controller 91 of theplanter controller 87, the controller 95 of the tractor controller 89can include an industrial computer or, e.g., a programmable logiccontroller, along with corresponding software and suitable memory forstoring such software and hardware including interconnecting conductorsfor power and signal transmission for controlling electronic,electro-mechanical, and hydraulic components of the tractor 11. Atractor interface system 99 is operably connected to the tractorcontroller 89 and includes a monitor and various input devices to allowan operator to see the statuses and control various operations of thetractor 11 from within the cab of the tractor 11. The tractor interfacesystem 99 may be a MultiControl Armrest™ console available for use withthe Maxxum™ series tractors from Case IH.

Referring now to FIG. 4, the control system 85 controls the loading ofthe seed types 25 a, 25 b and the first and second seed chambers 47, 49of the seed meter reservoir 43 by controlling a primary feed system 101,which allows for use of a single primary seed conduit 103 to selectivelydirect the different seed types 25 a, 25 b into the different seedchambers 47, 49. Primary feed system 101 includes seed metering rollers105 which may be calibrated fluted rollers arranged at outlets 107 ofthe bulk fill hoppers 29, or the separate compartments 31 of a singlebulk fill hopper 29 that holds both of the seed types 25 a, 25 b in itsseparate compartments 31. The rollers 105 are driven to rotate byelectric, pneumatic, or hydraulic motors (not shown) as controlled bythe control system 85 to control release of the seed varieties 25 a, 25b from the respective compartments 31 into a conduit segment 109 thatconnects to the primary seed conduit 103. As shown in FIG. 4, in thisembodiment, the primary seed conduit 103 connects to an inlet 111 of anon-row storage system 113 that includes a vented mini-hopper 115. Themini-hopper 115 has a separator wall 117 that divides its interior spaceto split compartments, shown as first and second mini-hopper chambers119, 121 which feed into and are connected with the first and secondseed chambers 47, 49 of the seed meter reservoir 43. The control system85 selectively fills and maintains seed pool level of the first andsecond mini-hopper chambers 119, 121 by controlling a gate 123 of theprimary feed system 101 arranged in the inlet 111 of the on-row storagesystem 113. Gate 123 is shown as a pivoting blade that can be actuatedby an actuator (not shown) controlled by the control system 85 to permitor prevent flow through the inlet 111 into the first and secondmini-hopper chambers 119, 121 by blocking or leaving uncoveredcorresponding openings 125, 127. Seed level sensors 129 are arranged inthe first and second mini-hopper chambers 47, 49, 119, 121 to providesignals allowing the control system 85 to evaluate how much seed 25 ofthe seed types 25 a, 25 b is in the first mini-hopper chamber 119 andsecond mini-hopper chamber 121. In this way, the compartments 3 of thecentrally located bulk fill hopper(s) 29 feed and maintain adequate filllevel(s) of the seed varieties 225 a and 25 b in the first and secondmini-hopper chambers 119, 121, as controlled by the control system 85.

Referring now to FIG. 5, this is a variation of the system describedabove with respect to FIG. 4 that includes both remote centrally locatedbulk storage and on-row bulk storage of seed 25. Instead of storing allof the seed types 25 a, 25 b in centrally located bulk fill hoppers 29,FIG. 5 shows a variation in which only a seed type with a greaterrequired use-volume seed type(s), shown as seed type 25 a correspondingto a primary seed type, is stored in a compartment 31 of the centrallylocated bulk fill hopper(s) 29 represented as seed type 25 a stored inbulk fill hopper 29 a. A relatively lesser required use-volume seedtype(s), shown as seed type 25 b as a secondary seed type, is stored inbulk on-row in the compartment 31 of the on-row bulk fill hopper 29,represented as bulk fill hopper 29 b. In this embodiment, within eachseed meter 5, one of the seed disk assemblies 51, 55 is fed the primaryseed type 25 a from the mini-hopper 115, which itself pneumaticallyreceives the primary seed type 25 a from the remote and centrallylocated storage of the bulk fill hopper 29 a. The other one of the seeddisk assemblies 51, 55 is gravity-fed the secondary seed type 25 b fromthe on-row bulk fill hopper 29 b.

Referring again to FIGS. 2A-2C, regardless of the particular location(s)of bulk storage of the seed 25, the control system 85 is configured tocontrol each seed meter 5 to switch, for example, absolutely,instantaneously, and automatically, between planting of different typesor varieties of seed during a single planting pass of row-crop plantingof an agricultural field with the planter 9. This may be done accordingto predetermined criteria, for example, based on the variety zones VZ1,VZ2, VZ3 of the agricultural field provided by the seed type or varietyprescription map PM (FIG. 5), to accommodate selectively planting theseed types 25 a, 25 b based at least in part by characteristics relatingto the soil type(s) and management type(s) of the variety zones VZ1,VZ2, VZ3. The control system 85 can absolutely and instantaneouslyswitch which one of the seed types 25 a, 25 b is being planted byactivating and/or deactivating the seed disk assemblies 51, 55 to shutoff half of the seed meter 5 and only deliver seed 25 from the half ofthe seed meter 5 that is not shut off, in a precisely synchronizedmanner.

Still referring to FIGS. 2A-2C, each seed meter 5 has a seed disk drivesystem 131 that is controlled by the control system 85 for selectivelyactivating and/or deactivating the seed disk assemblies 51, 55. As shownin FIG. 2A, the seed meter 5 a with the parallel and transverselyaligned seed disks 53, 57 is shown with mechanical chain drives 133 thatdeliver rotating driving power from a rotating shaft 135 throughclutches 137 and chains 139, which rotate sprockets that are attached tospindles 141 that drive rotation of the seed disks 53, 57. Clutches 137may be, for example, air clutches or electromechanical clutches, notingthat the corresponding drives may include pneumatic motors or electricmotors. Regardless, the control system 85 is operably connected to eachof the clutches 137 to either disengage and prevent transmission of therotation driving power from the shaft 135 or engage and permittransmission of the rotation driving power from the shaft 135 to each ofthe seed disks 53, 57. This selectively rotates the seed disks 53, 57 ina direction toward the forward facing wall 75 to convey the seed 25 a,25 b from the first and second seed chambers 47, 49 for release into theseed tube 83. As shown in FIG. 2B, in the seed meter 5 b with thetransversely aligned and angled seed disks 53, 57, the seed disks 53, 57are also rotated in a direction toward the forward facing wall 75 toconvey the seeds 25 a, 25 b from the first and second seed chambers 47,49 for release into the seed tube 83. As shown in FIG. 2C, in the seedmeter 5 c with the longitudinally aligned seed disks 53, 57, the seeddisk 53 is rotated away from the forward facing wall 75 and the seeddisk 57 is rotated toward the forward facing wall 75 to respectivelyconvey seeds 25 a, 25 b from the first and second seed chambers 47, 49toward the seed tube 83 in a central portion of the seed meter 5 c. InFIGS. 2B-2C, each of the seed meters 5 b, 5 c is respectively shown witha direct drive-type seed disk drive system 131 having motor drives 143.The motor drives 143 may include pneumatic motors or electric motorsthat rotate the spindles 141, driving rotation of the seed disks 53, 57.It is understood that the motor drives 143 may instead rotate the seeddisks 53, 57 by rotating hubs, outer peripheries, or other portions ofthe seed disks 53, 57. Regardless, the control system 85 is operablyconnected to each of the motor drives 143 to either disengage andprevent transmission of the rotation driving power from the motor drives143 or engage and permit transmission of the rotation driving power fromthe motor drives 143 to each of the seed disks 53, 57.

Referring now to FIGS. 2A-2C and 6, during use, an operator firstdisplays the seed type or variety prescription map PM (FIG. 6) on thecomputer display or monitor of the tractor interface system 99, whichwould typically be inside the tractor cab. The prescription map PMdisplays which type or variety zones VZ1, VZ2, VZ3 are where in theagricultural field and which seed types 25 a, 25 b can be planted in thevariety zones VZ1, VZ2, VZ3. As shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment,seed type 25 a is shown as acceptable for use in variety zones VZ1 andVZ3, corresponding to recommended varieties A and C. Seed type 25 b isshown as acceptable for use in variety zone VZ2, corresponding to arecommended variety B. The operator inputs which seed type 25 a, 25 b isstored in compartments 31 of the bulk storage system 27 through thetractor interface system 99. The prescription map PM may also containthe seed population that is to be planted for each type or variety 25 a,25 b. The seed population could also be varied within the field based onsoil type, organic matter, etc. The size of the seeds can also be inputinto the tractor interface system 99. This information could also bemade available in the database that is built from the desktop softwarewhen the prescription map PM was created.

Referring again to FIG. 4, the control system 85 then determines seedlevel in each of the first and second mini-hopper chambers 119, 121based on a signal(s) from the corresponding seed level sensors 129. Ifthe seed level in the first and second mini-hopper chambers 119, 121 isbelow a certain predetermined level corresponding to an amount neededfor making at least one planting pass or starting planting, then thecontrol system 85 sends a signal to rotate the metering roller(s) 105 ofthe compartment 31 holding the seed type 25 a, 25 b that was determinedto be low. This releases the particular low seed type(s) 25 a, 25 bthrough the primary seed conduit 103. The control system 85 also sends asignal to actuate the gate 123 at the inlet 111 of the on-row storagesystem 113 to ensure that the seed type 25 a, 25 b released from thebulk storage system 27 is directed to the correct one of the first andsecond mini-hopper chambers 119, 121 of the mini-hopper 115.

Referring again to FIGS. 2A-2C, by way of the GPS of the tractorcontroller 89, the control system 85 is able to determine which seedtype 25 a, 25 b is to be planted by each of the seed meters 5 based onthe prescription map PM (FIG. 6). For example, if seed type 25 a is tobe planted from a particular row unit 7 of the planter 9, the controlsystem 85 activates the seed disk drive system 131 that activates theseed disk assembly 51 and rotates and delivers seed 25 of seed type 25 afrom the seed disk 53 and deactivates the seed disk drive system 131that deactivates the seed disk assembly 55 and prevents rotation of anddelivery of seed 25 of seed type 25 b from the seed disk 57 at thatparticular row unit 7. This synchronized activating and deactivating ofthe seed disk assemblies 51, 55 provide a seed-type switching event.During the seed-type switching event, which may correspond to theplanter 9 and/or tractor 11 crossing from one variety zone to anotheraccording the prescription map PM (FIG. 5) and detected by the GPS ofthe tractor controller tractor controller 89, release of a final seed 25of the previously planted type is sequentially followed by an initialseed 25 of a subsequent or currently planted seed type. This can be donewithin a single row without creating a skip event, maintaining aconstant in-row seed spacing through the seed-type switching event,whereby an in-row seed spacing at a transition between the first andsecond seed types is the same as the in-row seed spacing within each ofthe first and second seed types 25 a, 25 b.

Still referring to FIGS. 2A-2C, the control system 85 can be configuredto individually control each of the seed meters 5 in this way to controlswitching from delivering seeds 25 of the first seed type 25 a todelivering seeds 25 of the second seed type 25 b on a per-row basis. Inanother embodiment, the control system 85 is configured to controlgroups of seed meters 5 in the same way within the same section of theplanter 9, for example, by giving common commands to all of the seedmeters 5 within the same outer wing section(s) and/or inner or middlesections. This allows the control system 85 to control switching fromdelivering seeds 25 of the first type 25 a to delivering seeds 25 of thesecond seed type 25 b from the planter on a per-section basis. In yetanother embodiment, the control system 85 is configured to control allof the seed meters 5 of the planter 9 in the same way. This allows forcontrolling switching from delivering seeds 25 of the first seed type 25a to delivering seeds 25 of the second seed type 25 b on a whole-planterbasis.

Many changes and modifications could be made to the invention withoutdeparting from the spirit thereof. The scope of these changes willbecome apparent from the appended claims.

We claim:
 1. A seed meter for planting multiple types of seed in asingle planting pass during row-crop planting of an agricultural field,the seed meter comprising: a housing supported relative to a row unit ofa planter, the housing having: an intermediate portion arranged betweena first side portion of the housing and a second side portion of thehousing; a first seed chamber defined in the intermediate portion of thehousing and storing seeds of a first type; and a second seed chamberdefined in the intermediate portion of the housing and storing seeds ofa second type; a first seed disk assembly arranged within the first sideportion of the housing for rotatably conveying individual seeds of thefirst type from the first seed chamber through the housing and out ofthe seed meter for individually planting the seeds of the first typeduring row-crop planting of an agricultural field; a second seed diskassembly arranged within the second side portion of the housing forrotatably conveying individual seeds of the second type from the secondseed chamber through the housing and out of the seed meter forindividually planting the seeds of the second type during row-cropplanting of an agricultural field; and a divider wall dividing the firstand second side portions of the housing from each other.
 2. The seedmeter of claim 1 wherein each of the first and second seed diskassemblies includes a seed disk rotatable within a cavity defined by therespective one of the first and second side portions of the housing. 3.The seed meter of claim 2 further comprising a clutch arranged withrespect to each of the first and second seed disk assemblies and whereineach clutch selectively disengages transmission of a rotation drivingpower to and preventing rotation of the respective seed disk of thefirst and second seed disk assemblies.
 4. The seed meter of claim 2further comprising a motor drive at each of the first and second seeddisk assemblies, wherein a controller controls the motor drives toprevent transmission of a rotation driving power to a first one of theseed disks of the first and second seed disk assemblies and permitstransmission of a rotation driving power to a second one of the seeddisks of the first and second seed disk assemblies.
 5. The seed meter ofclaim 1 wherein the first and second seed disks of the first and secondseed disk assemblies are arranged generally parallel to each other. 6.The seed meter of claim 1 wherein the first and second seed disks of thefirst and second seed disk assemblies are arranged at an angle withrespect to each other.
 7. The seed meter of claim 1 further comprising aseed tube receiving seeds released from both the first and second seeddisk assemblies for delivery onto the agricultural field.